Fluid-controlled clutch.



H. I. MANLEY.

FLUID GONTROLLED CLUTCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1912. 1,05*?,25 1 Patented Mar, 25, 1913.V

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

nmTED s'rA'rEs PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD I. .MANLEY, or KANSAS Grrr,- MrssoURI, AssIGNort or oNELHALr To'R. H.

WRIGHT, or DURHAM, NEW YORK.

FLUID-ONTROLLED CLUTCH.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar; 25, 1913.

Application led May 1, 1912. Serial No. 694,484.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, HOWARD I. MANLEY, acitizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county ofJackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Fluid-Controlled Clutches, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to fluid'controlled clutches, and has particularreference to that class of apparatus in which cylindrical casings areprovided and are adapted to be filled with oil, a rotating shaft which.enters the casing, either propelling the body of oil, or when thevalves are placed in a certain position so that the body of oil cannot ybe propelled, the shaft, through the medium of a connecting body, willcarry the casing r)with it during its rotation, so as to obtain a directdrive.

Thev object of the invention is to provide a device ofthe abovecharacter, by means of which a direct drive and a'drive in a reversedirection may be obtained from a constantly rotating shaft, the devicebeing so constructed that a change from the neutral condition to adirect drive may be brought about by shifting a set of speciallyconstructed valves which act in connection with the port openingsarranged in the casing. Bya further movement of the valves the changefrom di.- rect drive to reverse drive may be accomplished.

A. further object ofthe invention is to so construct, the parts of thedevice that the' weightmay be perfectly balanced during ro,l tation, soas to avoidall possibility of vibra-J tion regardless of the speedatlwhich vthe device is operated. A Y For a full understanding of thepresent invention, referenceis to be had to the folf lowing descriptionand the accompanying ydrawings, in which- Figure l is a verticallongitudinal sec?. tion through the main driving and reversedrivingchambers; Fig. 2 is a transverse secf tion through the main drivingchamber and' through the valve chambers, the positionof the reversechamber being shown in dotted, --lines; Fig. 3 is an end elevationof-the dcvice; Fig. 4 isl a view lookingztoward the valves C and D,hereinafter described, from the interior of the drivin chambers; Fig. 5is a diagrammatic view', s owing the path of. the oil for reverse drive;Fig.- 6 1s a dia-grammatic view, showing the path of the oil for neutraland direct drives,the positions of the valves in this ligure beingchanged with reference to the positions of the same shown 1n Fig. 5;AFig. 7 is a view looking toward vthe valves A and B, hereinafterdescribed, from the interior of the driving chambers; and Fig. 8 is anend view of the casing with lthe outer end plate removed, the same beingshown on a reduced scale.

Throughout the following detail description and on the several figuresof the drawings, similar parts are referred to by like referencecharacters.

Referring particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1 represents acylindrical casing which is provided at about its cent-ral port-ion witha wall 2 which divides the cas ing into two main sect-ions. Theright-hand section, that which receives the driving shaft 75 hereinafterreferred to, is provided with a circular chamber 3 eccentricallyarranged with reference to the saidright-hand section. The left-handsection is likewise formed with a cylindrical/chamber, 4, eccentricallyarranged with reference to the left-hand -s'ectionof the casing. Two'diametrically opposite portions of thecylindri cal casing lareformed-solid in the space between the inner chambers 3 and land the.outer walls of the casing,v so as -to afford efour valve chambersarranged inl adjacent pairs and lettered A",` B",l C and D in thevidrawings. The valvechamber A is opposite the valve chamber C', and B'is opposite D". 'The valve chambers may be of any desired shape,provided that'thevalves which slidel vin .them are of correspondingshape, but they ,are preferably circular' inA cross' section, andjaresoillustrated in the drawings j The valve*cliambersf A', B C and D re-.ceive four sliding 'valves A ,B, Cyand D respectively, each valvebeing'ofhollow cyvhndrical .formation-1 and allk ,being formed 100.@substantially alike, lexcept with regard to th'e' portopeningshereinafter'referred to. A cored chamber 5 is formed above the valvechambers A" and C and above the chamber .3, the latter being thejnainvdriving chamber,

and acored chamber is formed-in the left-l 'hand'section of the casingabove the'valve 'chambers A' and `C and-abovethe chamber 4,which lat-teris the reverse-drivingchamber. Likewise, a cored chamber 7 lo- 110 i isin its position to the extreme right for` cated below the valve chambersB and D and below the main driving chamber 3, and a cored chamber 8 islocated in the left-hand sect-ion of the casing below the valve'chambersB and D and below the reverse driving chamber 4. It will be seen that byvirtue of the eccentric arrangement of the main driving chamber 3 withrespect to the casing 1, the width of the lower cored chamber 7 at itslowermost pointis less than the width of the cored chamber 5 at itsuppermost point. The eccentric chamber 4, which is the reverse `drivingchamber, is symmetrically mountedwith reference to the main drivingchamber 3 with reference to the central aXis of the casing 1, so thatthe width of the lower cored chamber' 8 at its lowermost point isgreater than the width of the upper cored chamber 6 at its uppermostpoint.

I will now proceed to describe the location and arrangement of the portswhich 'are formed in the valve chambers and in the valves, so as toobtain a change of drive to and from direct, reverse, and neutral. Someof these valves co-nnect the cored chambers formed on both the right andleft-hand sections of the casing with the valve chambers, others connectthe main driving chamber and the reverse driving chamber with the valvechambers, while others are formed in the valves and are adaptedaccording to the position occupied by the valves, to co-act with theport openings formed in the valve chambers. In order to convey a moredistinct understanding of the present invention, it might be here statedthat when the reverse drive is desired, the four valves will occupy aneXtreme position to the right, as is shown in the diagrammatical Fig. 5.Referring rst to the ports formed in the valve A and valve chamber A, itwill be seen that a port 9 is formed in the wall of the driving chamber3 and establishes communication between the driving chamber 3 and thevalve chamber A. A port l10 is formed in the valve A, so that when thevalve A is in its position to the eXtreme right; that is, for reversedrive, the port l0 will be opposite the port 9, so that communicationthrough the two ports may be established. There is no port establishingcommunication between the cored chamber 5 and the valve chamber A', noris there any port connecting the reverse driving chamber 4 with .thevalve chamber A', but a port 11 establishes communication between thecored chamber 6 and the valve chamber A. This port occupies reversedrive, so that communication may be established through the port 11 andinto and thro-ugh the valve A.

The valve chamber B communicates with the lower cored chamber 7 by meansof two ports 12 and 13, the former being covered by the valver B whenthe latter is in its position to the extreme right for reverse drive, aswill be seen upon reference to diagrammatical Fig. 5, but will beuncovered when the valve B is shifted to the left, so that communicationbetween the cored chamber 7 and the interior of valve B may beestablished. A port 14 is formed in the valve B, which will normallyregister with the port 13 when the valve B is in its extreme position tothe right. A port 15 is formed in the wall of the main driving chamberand is adapted to register with the port 16 formed in valve B when B ismoved to the left for the neutral drive. A port 17 connects the valvechamber B with the reverse driving chainber 4, and is normally uncoveredby the valve B when the latter is in its position to the extreme rightbut will be covered by the valve B when it is moved to the left for theneutral drive.

Referring now to the valves C and D and the orts which establishcommunication therdbetween and the driving chambers and cored chambers,it will be seen that the valve C is not provided with any ports, sinceat no time during the operation of the device is it necessary for thevalve C to aford a passage for the oil during its circulation. The valveC serves a purpose merely in closing the port openings arranged to theleft of the valve, when the neutral drive is desired. These two portsconsist of one numbered 18 by which communication is established betweenther valve chamber C and the cored chamber 6 which is situated above thereverse driving chamber 4. The other port numbered 19 establishescommunication between the valve chambers C .and the reverse drivingchamber. The ports 18 and 19 will be uncovered when the valve C is inits position at the eXtreme right for the reverse drive, but will becovered by moving the valve C to the left, their specific purpose beingto change the direction of travel of the oil during. its circulation andcause the oil to act on the blades of the driving head, hereinafterreferred to, disposed within the chamber 4, thereby driving the saidhead in a direction contrary to that of the main driving shaft. Thevalve chamber D communicates with the cored chamber 7 formed beneath themain driving chamber, by means of the port 20, which is formed to theextreme right of the valve chamber and will permit passage of oil int'othe valve D from the cored chamber at all times,.since it is normallyuncovered by the valve D even when the latter is in its eX- tremeposition to the right. A port 21 is formed in the valve D, which, whenthe latter is in its position to the extreme right, will register with aport 22`formed in the wall of the driving chamber, the port 21vbeingformed of such a length thatl it willl the driving and reverse drivingchambersl and also with thev coredchambers formed adjacent to thereverse driving chamber, it'

will be seen that all of said ports will be covered when the valves aremoved still'farther to theleft than the positions which they occupy forthe neutral drive, as will be clear upon .reference to. diagrammatical6. I he structure and disposition of the drivthe cylindrical casing 1,but is eccentricallylocated vwith reference to thel axis of themamdriving chamber 3, the latter 4being below the axis of the drivinghead 23, as

will `be seen upon reference to Fig. 2. By this means a space 24 isformed between the driving head 23 and the wall of the cored chamber. 7andthe walls of the valve chambers, this space, ofcourse, always re-.maining of uniform volume durin the r0- tation ofthe driving head 23. tshould be stated here that the axis of the righthand, or main drive,chamber 1s dis sed' below vthe central -axis of the cylin rical casing1, and? the axis of the left-hand, or

1 reverse, drive chamber is'. disposed an equal Veo distance above-thecentral axis of the casing 1. -The axis of the` reverse driving head'25, which. is disposed within the reverse drivin centraaxis of thecylindrical casing 1, as in the case of thedriving head 23. The twoheads 23 and. 25 are, therefore, concentrically mounted with referenceto the casmgl and bothare in alinement. The tw'ol driving' heads areleach similarly formed is guided,and lsprings 28 are arranged thesockets 29 formed in the .driving heads, by means 'of whichft-he bladesarenormally chamber 4, also corresponds to the casin pressed radiallyoutwardly, so that during the rotation of the driving.heads,the outerends of the blades 26 will always be main-v tained in close contact withthe walls of the respective driving chambers. As' will be seen uponreference to Fig. 2, each blade during the rotation of the driving headwill be pressed inwardly so that its outer end will lie flush with theperiphery of the driving head .when the blade travels past the spaceformed between the driving head and the adjacent wall of the drivingchamber. In a similar manner o the formation 'ofthe space 24,-a space 30will be formed 4.

between the reverse driving head 25 and the upper cored chamber 6located above thev reverse chamber, and also between the head 25 and thewalls of the valve chambers, this space being disposed opposite to thespace 24 with` respect to the axis of the casing, and symmetricaltherewith. y y

A bushing 31 .is formed' injthe main driving head 23, whichaifords'abearing for a spindle 32 which latter is integrally formed withthe driving head 25 and which passes through an opening 32 formed in thecentral wall 2. The drivin heads 23 and 25 will thus'rotate indepenently of each other, or the-head 23 may rotate while the head 25 isstationary, as will be thek case at the time of neutral drive. A

The main driving head 23 is normally 'rotated by means of the driveshaft 33,

vthe ycasin four circular openmgs `35 are formed, t ese being arrangedin diametrically opposite pairs, andare c-termlnal wlth the four valvechambers hereinbefore 'referredA to. The spaces between the saidopenings 35 are provided with a plurality of apertures 36, whichdecreasein width from the upper end of the casin that is, -the portionadjacent the cored c amber 5, to the lower part of the casing, thatadjacent the cored chamber 7. The purpose of this lll formation of theend of the casing is to afford the requisite lightness for the entirestructure, as it is necessary during the direct vdrive that the entirestructure be rotated with the shaft 33. The opposite end of the isformed in a manner similar tothe end ]ust described, it being providedwith the openings 35 van'd'36, but the disposition. ofthe correspondingsized openings in this end of the casing is at an angle of degreesto-.Jthe openings formed in the end 34. By this construction of theendfaee of the casing 1, as wellfas by the disposition of the eccentricchambers 3'and 4, before referred to, a perfect balancingnof the entirestructure may be realized, thus insuring the rotation of the entirestructure without anyvibration, as the weight will be Symmetricallydistributed with reference to the central axis of the casing 1. Theplates 37 and 38 are mounted on the opposite ends ofthe casing 1, andthe former is provided with the hub 39 having a bushing 40 for thereception of the driving shaft 33. A collar 41 is slidably mounted onthe hub 39, the key 42, formed in the hub, permitting of such slidingmovement and causing the rotation of the collar 41 with the hub at thetime of direct drive, the manner in which the same is 'accomplishedbeing hereinafter described.

, A channel,43 is formed in the sliding collar 41, said channel beingadapted to receive a clutch collar 44 having connection with a suitableshifting lever (not shown) by meansv of thesocket 45. The collar 41 isprovided with a pair of diametrically opposite arms 46 and 47, which areadapted to receive the ends of valve rods 48 through the openings 49,two of the openings being formed in each of said arms near the outer endthereof and the valve rods 48 having their eXtreme outer ends threadedfor the reception of nuts 50, by which the rods are fastened to the arms46 and I47. By the means described the collar 41 may be moved to theright or left on the hub 39, thus shifting the valves A, B, C, and D tothe desired positions, and while the drive shaft 33 is capable ofrotation within the easing 1 and hub 39 for the reverse and neutraldrives, the structure described will permit of the bodily rotation ofthecasing 1, hub 39, collar 41 arms 46 and 47,. and valve rods 48 with thedriving shaft33. The ring, or clutch collar 44 will, of course,

alone remain stationary while all of the parts rotate at the time ofdirect drive.

The cored chambers 5, 6, 7,' and 8, the valves A, B, C, and D, andportions of the valve chambers A.,'B, C, and D not occupied by therespective valves, and the spaces in the main and reverse drivingchambers connect the valves and valve chambers with the four coredlchambers and the main and -head to rotate the said head in thedirection' opposite to the direction of rotation of the main drivinghead 23. While this reversing action'ktakes place, the body of theapparatus remains 'stationary with respect to both the drivingmandreverse driving heads and shafts. The circulation of the oil in order tobring about this result will be as follows, it being here stated thatthe path of the oil through the main driving chamber and the coredpassages above and below the same is represented by full lines, whilethe passage of the oil through the reverse driving chamber and in thecored passage above the same is represented by dotted lines: starting atthe point K in the space 24 in the main driving chamber, the oil will beforced by the blades 26 in the direction of the arrow through the port 9which connects the main driving chamber 3 with the valve chamber A',through the port 10 in valve A, longitudinally throughvalve A, out ofvalve chamber A through the port 11 into the cored chamber 6 above thereverse driving chamber, traveling the entire length of the same,passing through port 18 into the valve chamber C', out of said valvechamber through port 19 into the reverse driving chamber, and as thespace in the latter not occupied by the reverse driving head 25 is `inthe` upper part of the chamber, the path of the oil will be reversed anddirected upwardly. In this space in the reverse driving chamber, the oilimpinges upon the blades formed on the driving head 25 and rotates thesamey in a direction contrary to that of the'head 23. After travelingthrough the reverse driving chamber 4, the oil passes through the port17 which opens into the valve chamber B', enters valve B, passes throughport 14 of valve B, through port 13 into the lower cored chamber 7beneath the main driving chamber 3. The oil travels the entire length ofthis chamber, then up through port 20 into the valve chamber D', travelslengthwise through valve D, through port 21 in same, and out throughport 22 into the space 24 of the-main driving chamber, and back to pointK.

For the .neutral drive the valves are shifted to the left to thepositions shown in Fig. 6, the valve C covering the ports 18 and 19, thevalve A covering the ports 9 and 11, the valve B covering the port 17,and the port 12 being uncovered. By this means no circulation of oil canbe obtained from the driving chamber into the reverse driving chamber,but a circulation will be set up as follows, the path of the oil beingshown in full lines: starting at point K in space 24 of the main drivingchamber 3, the oil passes through the port 15 into the valve chamber B,through port 16 into the valve out of valve B through port l2 into thelower cored chamber 7', traveling the entire length of the latter, thenthrough the port `are shifted stillffurtherto the left, that is,

to the dotted line positions of the samev A shown in Fig; 6, by whichall of the parts which establish communication between the valvechambers and the main and reverse driving chambers will be closed. Asthere are nol lports which permit of communication between the drivingchambers and the cored chambers directly, the oil will be trapped in thespaces between the driving head and the walls of thedriving chambers.-As the cil on either side of thatone of the bla-des- 26 vwhich lies inthe ,space 24, cannot pass to the other side of the blade a pressure iscreated within the space- 24 which causes the blade 26,to `engagethesame will be rotated with the main driving head-and driving shaft. Bythis means the lso tained in the same direction as entire 'structurewill be caused to rotate with the drive shaft, and by means ofthe hub60, suitable connections may be establishedby which a direct drive maybe obthe directiony of the shaft 33. a

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In combination with a rotary driving element, a casing comprising alurality of lchambers in one of which said riving element rotates, 'saidchambers containing .a fluid pressure medium, a rotarydriven elementdisposed within another one of said chambers, the chambers inclosing.the driving and` driven elements being cylindricalA and eccentric to thejournals of the driving and driven elements, ione atvone side of theaxis thereof, and the other at the opposite side and valves controllingthe circulation of the said fluid. ressure mediuml through saidchambers, 't e arrangement of said driven element in .its conningchambervbeing such with reference to the arrangement of said drivingelementv in its confining chamber that the generalI direction of. thefluid medium will be reversed in the chamber confining said rotarydriven 'element at one positionv of the valves,so as tov rotate the saiddriven element in a reverse direction to that, ofsaid driving element,the valves being shiftable to a position interruptin the circulation ofthe pressure medium or transmitting power directly from the drivingelement through the casing and inclosed parts to the driven element.

bers, means forl shifting said valves, and

connecting means between said valve shifting means and said rotarydriving element, the' arrangement of said driven elementin its confiningchamber being such with reference to the arrangement of said drivinelement in its confining chamber that. the general direction of thefluid medium will be reversed in the chamber confining said rotarydriven element at one vposition of the valves, so as to rotate thesaid'driven element in a reverse direction to that of said driving'element, the valves at another p0- sition being adapted to shut offcommunica tionl with the chamber confining said rotary driving element,whereby the entire casing will be caused to rotate with said rotary (ydriving element so as to obtain direct drive. wall of the drivingchamber .3, so thatt-he 3. In combination with a rotary driving element,a casing comprising a main driving chamber and 'a reverse drivingchamber,

atA

rangement of said driven element in said reverse driving chamber beingsuch with reference to the arrangement of said driving element in saidmain driving chamber that the general direction'of the fluid medium willbe reversed insaid reverse driving chamber at one position of thevalves,

so as to rotate thesald driven element in a reverse direction to that ofsaid driving ele-l ment, said-valves at another position being adaptedto shutoff communication between said two chambers, whereby Athesaid'rotary said driving chamber while said driven element isstationary, and the lvalves at still another position thereof beingadapted to` V"within said main driving chamber, av rotary driven elementdisposed within said reverse driving chamber, a pair of chambersarranged adjacent each of said driving chambers, valve chambersarranged" between the driving element may freely rotate withinv saidlast named chambers of each pair, assages connecting said main andreverse riving chambers with said valve chambers, passages connectingsaid valve chambers with said pairs of chambers, valves movable withinsaid valve chambers to control the passage of fluid through saidpassages, means for simultaneously shifting said valves, and connectingmeans between said valve shifting means and said rotary drivin element,thearrangement of said driven e ement in said reverse driving chamberbeing 'such with reference, to the arrangement of said driving elementin said main driving chamber that the general direction of the fluidmedium will be reversed in said reverse driving chamber at one positionof the valves, so as to rotate the said driven element in a reversedirection to that of said driving element, said valves at anotherposition thereof being adapted to close the passages by whichcommunication between said main and reverse driving chambers isestablished, whereby the said rotary driving element may rotate freelyin said main driving chamber while said driven element is stationary,and said valves at still another position thereof being adapted'to shutoff all communication with the main driving chamber, whereby the entirecasing will be caused to rotate with the rotary driving element toobtain direct drive.

5.1n combination with a driving shaft, a driving head mounted thereon,said head being provided with means to propel a fluid, a casingcomprising a main driving chamber in which said driving head rotates anda reverse driving chamber, a reverse driving head arranged within saidreverse,y chamber, the axes of said twol driving heads corresponding tothe central axis of said casing and said chambers being eccentricallymounted with reference to said central axis, t-he axes of said chambersbeing opposite to said central a-Xis, whereby a space 1s establishedbetween said main driving head and the walls of its confining chamberdiametrically opposite .to a space established between said reversedriving head and the walls of its confining chamber, passages affordingcommunication between said two chambers, said chambers and said passagescontaining a Huid pressure medium, and valves controlling thecirculation of the fluid pressure medium through said chambers and saidpassages, the arrangement of said reverse driving head in said reversedriving chamber being such, with reference to the arrangement of saidmain driving head in the main driving chamber that the general directionof the fluid medium will be reversed in said reversing chamber at oneposition of the valves, so as to rotate the said reverse driving head ina reverse direction to that of said main driving head.

6. In combination with a driving shaft, a driving head mounted thereon,said head being provided with means to propel a fluid, a Casincomprising a main driving chamber inw 10h saiddriving head rotates, anda reverse driving chamber, a reverse driving head arranged within saidreverse chamber, the axes of said two driving heads corresponding to thecentral axis of said casing and said chambers being eccentricallymounted with reference to said central axis, the axes of sald chambersbeing opposite to said central axis, whereby 'a space 1s establishedbetween said main driving head and the walls of its confining chamberdiametrically opposite to a space established between said reversedriving head and the walls of its confining chamber, a pair of valvechambers arranged on each side of said two chambers, valves movable insaid valve chambers` means for simultaneously shifting said valves, acored chamber disposed above and below each of said driving chambers andbetween said pairs of valve chambers, ports arranged in said valvechambers establishing communication therebetween and said coredchambers, ports establishing communication between said driving chambersand said valve chambers, and ports in Said valves adapted to registerwith said last named ports, the arrangement being such that at oneposition of the valves the circulation of the fluid ressure medium isestablished between sai main and reverse driving chambers, whereby saidreverse driving head may be acted upon by the fluid medium to propel thesaid head in a reverse direction to that of said main driving head, thevalves at another position thereof being adapted to close the portswhich establish communication between the main and reverse drivingchambers, whereby the main driving head may rotate freely in the maindriving chamber, and the valves at 'still another position thereof beingadapted to close all ports communicating with t-he main driving chamber,whereby the confined body of fluid in the main driving chamber willcause the entire casing to rotate with the main driving head for` directdrive.

7. In combination with a rotary driving shaft, a driving head mounted onsaid shaft, acasing comprising a main driving chamber and a reversedriving chamber divided by a centrally disposed wall, said main drivinghead being rotatable in the main driving chamber, a reverse driving headdisposed within said reverse driving chamber and rotatable therein,blades carried by each of said heads, means tending to press said bladesnormally outwardly, a pair of chambers arranged adjacent each of saiddriving chambers, valve chambers arranged between the chambers of eachpair, valves slidable in said valve chambers, ports establishingcommunication between the driving chambers and the valve chambers, portsestablishing communication between the valve chambers and said pairs ofchambers, rods connected with said valves, a hub for said casing inwhich said driving shaft rotates, a collar slidable on said hub, andarms mounted on said collarto which-said valve rods are attached. 4 l

8. In combination with a rotary driving shaft, a casing comprising amain driving chamber and a reverse driving chamber, each beingoppositely eccentrically mounted with reference to the cent-ral axis ofthe casing, a main drivinghead mounted on said driving shafteccentrically mounted in said main driving chamber and rotatable.

therein, blades carried by said main driving head, means to press saidblades normally outwardly, a .reverse driving head eccentrically`mounted in said reverse driving chamber, blades .mounted on lsaidreverse driving head and means to press the same normally outwardly, apair of valve cham.

bers arranged longitudinally of the casing, a second pair of valvechambers op osite the first named,also.arranged longitu inally of thecasing, a core'd chamber dlsposed above said main drivin chamber, asecond cored chamber dispose below the same, a third cored chamber.disposed above the .reverse driving chamber, a fourth cored' chamberdisposed below the same, all of said chambers and said valve chamberscontaining a fluid pressure medium, valves slidable in said valvechambers, ports connecting said main and reverse driving chambers withsaid valve chambers,ports connecting said valve chambers with said thirdcored cham` ber whereby the fluid pressurel medium may circulate fromthe main driving chamber to the reverse driving chamber in one positionof the valves to enable the fluid to act on said reverse driving head soas to'rot-ate the same in a direction reverse to that of the drivingshaft, said ports being 'closed at another position of the valves,whereby communication between the two driving chambers is closed andsaid main driving head will rotate freely Within' the main drivingchamber while the reverse driving head is stationary, and portsconnecting said valve -chambers with the said second cored cham-HowARDI. MANLEY.

Witnesses:

HA'rfrm S. FRANCK, HAL R.' LEBRECHT.

